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Neo-Aristotelian Criticism (also called Chicago School Criticism) 📘 Meaning: Neo-Aristotelian criticism is a modern critical approach that revives and adapts Aristotle’s principles of literary analysis, especially those found in his Poetics. It focuses on how a literary work functions as a unified whole—its structure, plot, character, theme, and style—and how these elements produce an emotional or intellectual effect on the audience. --- 🧠 Origin: Developed in the 1930s–1940s at the University of Chicago. Main figures: R.S. Crane, Richard McKeon, Elder Olson, and Wayne Booth. They are known as members of the “Chicago School” of criticism. --- ⚙️ Main Features: 1. Return to Aristotle’s ideas of unity, plot, and catharsis. 2. Emphasis on structure — every part of the text contributes to the whole. 3. Focus on the text itself, not on the author’s biography or reader’s feelings. 4. Analyzes plot, character, thought, diction, melody, and spectacle (Aristotle’s six elements of tragedy)....