U NET : NET SET PHD EXAM

 The Augustan Age in English Literature is known as the Age of Reason and Satire . Writers of this period looked back to the classical ideals of order, balance, and harmony , drawing inspiration from ancient Rome. ✨ The Augustan Age (1700–1745) ✨ 🌟 Introduction  The Augustan Age in English literature refers to the first half of the 18th century, roughly between 1700 and 1745 . This period is often called the Age of Reason , Age of Prose and Satire , or the Neo-classical Age , because writers emphasized order, rationality, balance, and clarity in their works. The term Augustan was borrowed from the Age of Emperor Augustus in Rome , a time when great writers like Virgil, Horace, and Ovid flourished. Just as Augustus’ reign represented classical perfection in Rome, the English writers of the early 18th century tried to imitate classical ideals in their poetry and prose. 1. 🏛 Background & Naming of the Age Named after Emperor Augustus of Rome , under whom Lati...

Explore Metaphysical Poetry: John Donne, George Herbert, Marvell, Vaughan—17th-century themes, conceits, works & analysis for UGC NET JRF English. 🔮 Metaphysical Poetry – Literary Movement 📌 Introduction Metaphysical Poetry was a prominent literary movement of the 17th century in England. The term “Metaphysical” was first used by Samuel Johnson in the 18th century (in Lives of the Poets ) to describe poets like John Donne whose works were intellectually complex, filled with wit, paradoxes, and elaborate conceits . These poets combined philosophy, emotion, and religion in highly innovative forms, breaking away from smooth Elizabethan lyricism. 📌 Context Originated late Elizabethan & Jacobean, continued into Caroline & Commonwealth Era . John Donne = leader. Term “Metaphysical” coined by Samuel Johnson (18th century) in his Lives of the Poets (derogatory sense). ✒️ Features Wit & Conceits – far-fetched metaphors (compass, flea, tears as globes). ...

 Explore Cavalier Poets of the Caroline Era (1625–1660)—Herrick, Lovelace, Suckling, Carew—themes, works & carpe diem for UGC NET JRF English. 🌹 Cavalier Poets (1625–1649) 🏰The Cavalier Poets were a group of 17th-century English lyric poets associated with the court of King Charles I . They supported the Royalist cause during the English Civil War, hence the term “Cavalier.” Their poetry reflects the courtly life, loyalty to the king, love, honor, and the philosophy of carpe diem (“seize the day”). 🌹 Cavalier Poetry – Literary Movement 📌 Context Flourished in the Caroline Era (1625–1649) . Supported Charles I and Royalist court culture . Called “Sons of Ben” → followers of Ben Jonson. ✒️ Features Simplicity, clarity, grace, elegance. Carpe diem theme (enjoy the moment). Themes: love, loyalty, honor, friendship, beauty. Lyrical, musical, polished verses. 🌟 Major Cavalier Poets & Works 1. Robert Herrick (1591–1674) Best known Cavalie...

Explore the Caroline & Commonwealth Era (1625–1660): Cavalier & Metaphysical poets, Milton, prose, drama, key works for UGC NET JRF English.  Caroline & Commonwealth Era (1625–1660) Introduction: The Caroline & Commonwealth Era (1625–1660) in English Literature represents a transitional phase between the Renaissance exuberance of the Elizabethan-Jacobean period and the austere, intellectual writings of the Restoration. 🏰 Historical Background 1. Caroline Era (1625–1649) Named after King Charles I (Latin: Carolus) who succeeded James I in 1625. Court culture was marked by refinement, elegance, loyalty to monarchy, and the arts. Royalist literature flourished at court. The King’s belief in the divine right of kings led to conflict with Parliament. This political tension culminated in the English Civil War (1642–1651) between: Royalists (Cavaliers) supporting Charles I. Parliamentarians (Roundheads) led by Oliver Cromwell. 2. Civil War & Execution of Charles ...

 Feminism in English Literature notes for UGC NET/SET/JRF – key critics, concepts, important works, and MCQs for exam preparation. Feminism in English Literature: Key Concepts, Critics, and Works for UGC NET/SET/JRF ✅ Introduction: Are you preparing for UGC NET, SET, or JRF in English Literature ? 📚 One of the most important areas in literary theory is Feminist Criticism and Feminist Literature . From Mary Wollstonecraft’s pioneering work A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) to Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble (1990) and the #MeToo movement in Fourth-Wave Feminism , the evolution of feminist thought has shaped how we read, write, and understand literature. In exams like UGC NET English , students are often asked about major feminist critics (Elaine Showalter, Kate Millett, Gilbert & Gubar, Hélène Cixous, Simone de Beauvoir, bell hooks) , their key concepts (Patriarchy, Gynocriticism, The Other, Écriture Féminine, Intersectionality) , and important texts (A Room of O...